Portable solar power equipment is divided into three parts: first, solar panels; 2、 Special storage battery; 3、 Standard accessories.
Generally speaking, the main factors affecting the quality and performance of portable solar power products are: solar panels and special storage batteries:
At present, there are three kinds of solar panels on the market: 1. Monocrystalline silicon, 2. Polycrystalline silicon, 3. Amorphous silicon. The following describes these three kinds of solar panels from the perspective of consumer use:
Monocrystalline silicon solar panel
1. Monocrystalline silicon solar cell: at present, the production process has been finalized. It is a kind of semiconductor cell mostly used in the production of solar power supply. It is characterized by good stability and high photoelectric conversion rate. According to the current development level of solar technology, the photoelectric conversion rate of monocrystalline silicon solar cell can reach 15% - 18%, The photoelectric conversion rate of monocrystalline silicon solar cells used in Shenzhou 7 and Chang'e 1 launched by China is up to 40% (ha ha ~ ~ of course, this is only used in high-end fields such as national defense and aerospace. It is a technical problem and the cost is too expensive. It is estimated that it can be popularized in private batches in another seven or eight years);
Polysilicon solar panel
2. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells: compared with monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the advantages of monocrystalline silicon solar cells are low cost and better photosensitivity. They can be photosensitive in sunlight and incandescent lamps, but the shortcomings are also obvious. The photoelectric conversion rate is only 11% - 13%. With the development of technology, the efficiency is also improving, but it is still slightly inferior to monocrystalline silicon;
Amorphous silicon solar panel
3. Amorphous silicon solar cells: the problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is the low photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is about 10% of the international advanced level. At present, it is only 6% - 8% in China and is not stable enough. There is often a decline in conversion efficiency, so it has not been widely used as large-scale solar power supply, but mostly used in low light power supply, such as pocket electronic calculator, electronic clock and watch, etc. It is estimated that after the problem of efficiency degradation is overcome, amorphous silicon solar cells will promote the great development of solar energy utilization. At least at present, the cost performance of batteries as portable solar power supply is still relatively low ~ ~ a little, cheap, but not practical!!
After saying so much, my friends must still complain: how to identify and distinguish the three kinds of silicon solar panels? I specially took three photos for my friends. The difference is still very big!!
Therefore, generally speaking, the batteries of portable solar power supply are mainly monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon, but some businesses use amorphous silicon solar panels in order to unilaterally pursue low prices without considering the use functions of consumers. Friends should polish their eyes and ask clearly when purchasing. Hee hee ~ ~ don't spend money on a useless DD
Special storage battery
Portable solar power supplies on the market now have special storage batteries for charging in cloudy days and at night,
In terms of materials, there is a distinction between lithium batteries and nickel metal hydride batteries
Lithium battery: there are two kinds --- liquid lithium ion battery and polymer lithium battery
The characteristic of lithium battery is that there is no memory effect during charge and discharge, and it can be charged at any time.
Liquid lithium ion battery is the lithium battery used in traditional mobile phone / digital camera; Polymer lithium-ion battery has the advantages of thinning, arbitrary area and arbitrary shape, and will not produce safety problems such as liquid leakage, combustion and explosion. Therefore, the battery shell can be made of aluminum-plastic composite film, which can improve the specific capacity of the whole battery; Polymer lithium-ion batteries can also use polymers as cathode materials, and its mass specific energy will be more than 50% higher than the current liquid lithium-ion batteries. In addition, polymer lithium-ion batteries have higher working voltage and charge discharge cycle life than lithium-ion batteries. With the reduction of cost, polymer lithium-ion battery will replace the traditional liquid lithium-ion battery.
NiMH battery: the biggest problem is that there is a memory effect in charge and discharge, which has the defect of reduced charge and discharge efficiency. Generally speaking, the voltage of each battery unit is smaller than that of lithium-ion battery, so the general portable solar power supply no longer uses NiMH battery as storage battery.
In addition, qualified portable solar power batteries will have overcharge, overload, overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions. The battery will automatically shut down after being fully charged and will not be charged. When discharged to a certain extent, it will automatically cut off the power supply to protect the battery and electrical equipment.
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